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Aztec III pot | Ancient Mexico. Pre-Columbian Art Galleries | Museo Amparo, Puebla

Aztec III pot

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Culture Mexica
Region Valley of Mexico
Period Late Post-Classic
Year 1250-1521 A.D.
Technique

Orange monochrome. Modeled clay with orange engobe.

Measures 8   cm
Location Vault. Pre-Columbian Art Collection
Record number 52 22 MA FA 57PJ 265
Researcher
  • Aban Flores Morán

Pots are among the most common creations of humanity. This implement is found throughout the world and has the same purpose: to contain or store liquids or food. These objects also have a similar shape, a spherical body from which a section opens that gives way to a neck. Despite this simplicity, it is possible to see how different cultures in different parts of the world created their own version of this object and, in the case of Pre-Columbian Mexico, these particularities were no exception. Thus, we can distinguish the pots with a squash-shaped body and a large curved divergent neck created in Teotihuacan, or as a further example, the Aztec pots with their curved converging body and straight walls.

In spite of this, the difficulty of distinguishing between one type or another is considerable since the variations are often so subtle and the materials we have to identify them have arrived such a fragmented state that if they do not contain some identifying element, it can often be a lifelong task.

In the case of piece 265, we see a pot with the walls covered by a very saturated orange engobe. It was polished with horizontal movements both on the body and on the neck, generating a smooth surface. The vessel consists of a convex base with curved converging walls and a straight divergent neck that creates a circular mouth with a rounded edge. In the upper part there are two fractures, only the displacement of a solid stirrup handle can be seen. The piece was made from four forms: two curved converging dishes created the body of the piece, the neck was made with other pieces and the handle was attached with pastillage at the end. This process is still visible due to the joints that were made to the pieces.

Pots had different functions for the Mexica, and to a large extent these determined their shape. There were large pieces that must have been used to store grains; others, which have soot marks for their constant exposure to fire, were used for cooking food. There were also pieces that were used to ferment the mead and even, the sources tell us, in the lake of Mexico there were sellers of water that passed in canoes full of this precious liquid, and the people left their houses with pots so that they could fill them with drinking water. This object even served as a means of communication with the supernatural, and we can see luxuriously decorated pots as offerings in some Mexican buildings, such as those of the Templo Mayor. Gonzalez Rul also mentions that in Tlatelolco pots have been found as part of offerings, either with skeletons inside, ashes, knives, fabrics and projectile points, among other objects, all belonging to the burial offerings.

The function of piece 265 cannot be related either to grain storage due to its size nor food preparation, since it has no visible signs of exposure to fire. Therefore, it could have served to store some other more delicate food or participated in ritual practices, although the lack of context prevents us from saying more about it.

 

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